Thirty Years of Korean Design Discourse
A new perspective on Korean design history by critic Choi Bum
Korean Design History: Foundations and Frameworks brings together over three decades of research and critical thinking by design critic Choi Bum. The book revisits and develops the author’s writings from 1995 to 2025, offering a sustained account of design history—an essential foundation for understanding Korean design. Drawing on long-standing inquiry, the book presents Korean design history as an integral part of the broader trajectory of Korea’s modern history.
Part One, “Concepts and Methods for Korean Design History,” outlines the conceptual framework for understanding Korean design history. The book suggests that the field requires a clearer conceptual foundation and proposes the idea of a “design paradigm” as a key analytical tool. It explains the historical evolution of design through three major paradigms—decorative arts, modern design, and postmodern design—showing how shifts in these paradigms shaped the development of design. Based on this framework, it indicates two key directions for future research: comparative studies with Western design history and research that situates design within the broader context of Korean modernity.
Part Two, “Western Design History and Korean Design History,” examines Western design history from a comparative perspective in order to consider the place of Korean design within a global context. The book analyzes the paradigm shifts that shaped Western design, focusing in particular on the emergence of modern design through the Bauhaus. It introduces the concept of “design subjectivity”—the notion that design interprets the world and engages with society from its own perspective. This approach allowed Western design to develop a degree of relative autonomy within society, forming what might be described as a “design society.” Against this backdrop, the book examines the structural differences between Western and Korean design histories and suggests that Korean design needs to cultivate its own discourse and self-awareness in order to establish itself as an independent cultural force.
Part Three, “Exploring the Modernity of Korean Design,” situates Korean design within the broader context of Korea’s modernization. The book traces how design emerged and became institutionalized during this period and introduces the concept of “aesthetic modernity” to analyze the cultural characteristics of Korean design. It also considers how major international events shaped Korean design discourse and examines the work and ideas of designer Ahn Sang-soo as a case study, highlighting both the possibilities and the limitations of Korean design.